[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.pharmia.cz\/rim-vznesene-mesto-na-tibere\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.pharmia.cz\/rim-vznesene-mesto-na-tibere\/","headline":"\u0158\u00edm- vzne\u0161en\u00e9 m\u011bsto na Tibe\u0159e","name":"\u0158\u00edm- vzne\u0161en\u00e9 m\u011bsto na Tibe\u0159e","description":"\u0158\u00edm se nach\u00e1z\u00ed asi dvacet sedm kilometr\u016f od pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed St\u0159edozemn\u00edho mo\u0159e. Tato vzne\u0161en\u00e1 metropole je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed italsk\u00e9 a \u010dtvrt\u00e9 nejlidnat\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u011bsto v EU. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je…","datePublished":"2025-03-04","dateModified":"2023-05-05","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.pharmia.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.pharmia.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bbaa4e9a58aac4329fe0ade0f3fb816f09f0dc43c21f6e884dccfbc124b16b29?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bbaa4e9a58aac4329fe0ade0f3fb816f09f0dc43c21f6e884dccfbc124b16b29?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"pharmia.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.pharmia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a291900_w2310_t1504189869.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.pharmia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a291900_w2310_t1504189869.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.pharmia.cz\/rim-vznesene-mesto-na-tibere\/","wordCount":399,"articleBody":" \u0158\u00edm se nach\u00e1z\u00ed asi dvacet sedm kilometr\u016f od pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed St\u0159edozemn\u00edho mo\u0159e. Tato vzne\u0161en\u00e1 metropole je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed italsk\u00e9 a \u010dtvrt\u00e9 nejlidnat\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u011bsto v EU. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je to politick\u00e9, hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 a kulturn\u00ed centrum, kter\u00e9 je mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b bohat\u00e9 na um\u011bleck\u00e9 a historick\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky. Rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 historick\u00e9 centrum, kter\u00e9 se v \u0158\u00edm\u011b nach\u00e1z\u00ed, je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Sv\u011btov\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed UNESCO. Nejstar\u0161\u00ed m\u011bsto v Evrop\u011b \u0158\u00edm je tak\u00e9 jedno z nejstar\u0161\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch m\u011bst. Bylo zalo\u017eeno p\u0159ed v\u00edce jak dv\u011bma tis\u00edci sedmi sty lety. Po stalet\u00ed bylo t\u00e9\u017e hlavn\u00edm m\u011bstem \u0158\u00edmsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e, kter\u00e1 byla nejmocn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed evropsk\u00e1 mocnost starov\u011bku. Stalo se centrem k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed a dodnes je poutn\u00edm m\u00edstem. Na \u00fazem\u00ed m\u011bsta se rovn\u011b\u017e nach\u00e1z\u00ed samostatn\u00fd st\u00e1t Vatik\u00e1n, kter\u00fd je s\u00eddlem pape\u017ee, hlavy katolick\u00e9 c\u00edrkve. Historie \u0158\u00edma- Etruskov\u00e9 S histori\u00ed tohoto starobyl\u00e9ho m\u011bsta se zde m\u016f\u017eeme setkat na ka\u017ed\u00e9m kroku. Dochovan\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky \u0158\u00edma jsou star\u00e9 v\u00edce ne\u017e dv\u011b tis\u00edcilet\u00ed. \u0158\u00edm vznikl spojen\u00edm n\u011bkolika osad, a pozd\u011bji, po\u010d\u00e1tkem sedm\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed p\u0159ed na\u0161\u00edm letopo\u010dtem zde vl\u00e1dli etru\u0161t\u00ed kr\u00e1lov\u00e9. Po roce p\u011bt set dev\u011bt p\u0159ed na\u0161\u00edm letopo\u010dtem jsou v\u0161ak etru\u0161t\u00ed kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 vyhn\u00e1ni a vznik\u00e1 zde \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e1 republika. Ve \u010dtvrt\u00e9m stolet\u00ed p\u0159ed na\u0161\u00edm letopo\u010dtem dostalo m\u011bsto prvn\u00ed kamennou hradbu. Do prvn\u00edho stolet\u00ed na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu se \u0158\u00edmsk\u00e1 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e zmocnila velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti \u0160pan\u011blska, severn\u00ed Afriky a \u0158ecka. B\u011bhem vl\u00e1dy Julia C\u00e9sara se z m\u011bsta ji\u017e st\u00e1v\u00e1 reprezentativn\u00ed st\u0159ed \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. Do t\u00e9 doby bylo m\u011bsto pouze cihlov\u00e9. Za vl\u00e1dy C\u00e9sara v\u0161ak ve m\u011bst\u011b vznikli ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 budovy, f\u00f3ra, l\u00e1zn\u011b, cirky a tak\u00e9 pal\u00e1ce. V\u0161e se stav\u011blo z mramoru, kter\u00fd byl nov\u011b hlavn\u00edm stavebn\u00edm materi\u00e1lem. Za vl\u00e1dy C\u00e9sara se narodil t\u00e9\u017e Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 Kristus. V souvislosti s nov\u00fdm n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edm se pr\u00e1v\u011b \u0158\u00edm stal centrem k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed. Roku \u010dty\u0159i sta deset je v\u0161ak m\u011bsto \u0158\u00edm dobyto Vizig\u00f3ty, nebo\u0165 ji\u017e po n\u011bkolik set let jeho v\u00fdznam upadal.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u0158\u00edm- vzne\u0161en\u00e9 m\u011bsto na Tibe\u0159e","item":"https:\/\/www.pharmia.cz\/rim-vznesene-mesto-na-tibere\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]