[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.pharmia.cz\/co-vedet-o-kratkodobem-financovani\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.pharmia.cz\/co-vedet-o-kratkodobem-financovani\/","headline":"Co v\u011bd\u011bt o kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9m financov\u00e1n\u00ed?","name":"Co v\u011bd\u011bt o kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9m financov\u00e1n\u00ed?","description":"Financov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bl\u00edme na kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 a dlouhodob\u00e9. A my se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na to kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9.\u00a0Celkov\u011b zdroje financov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1me VLASTN\u00cd (to jsou vklady, zisk, odpisy, dary atd.) a…","datePublished":"2022-01-06","dateModified":"2023-05-05","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.pharmia.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.pharmia.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bbaa4e9a58aac4329fe0ade0f3fb816f09f0dc43c21f6e884dccfbc124b16b29?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bbaa4e9a58aac4329fe0ade0f3fb816f09f0dc43c21f6e884dccfbc124b16b29?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"pharmia.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.pharmia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/pexels-pixabay-259027.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.pharmia.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/pexels-pixabay-259027.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.pharmia.cz\/co-vedet-o-kratkodobem-financovani\/","about":["Ekonomika"],"wordCount":373,"articleBody":"Financov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bl\u00edme na kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 a dlouhodob\u00e9. A my se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na to kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9.\u00a0Celkov\u011b zdroje financov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1me VLASTN\u00cd (to jsou vklady, zisk, odpisy, dary atd.) a CIZ\u00cd (spl\u00e1cen\u00ed dluh\u016f). Pokud pou\u017eijeme ciz\u00ed zdroje, tak to je kv\u016fli tomu, \u017ee n\u00e1m vlastn\u00ed zdroje nesta\u010d\u00ed, jsou levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a \u00farok je zde n\u00e1kladem. Pokud ciz\u00ed zdroje nepou\u017eijeme, tak nastane sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed stability podniku (t\u00edm je my\u0161lena zadlu\u017eenost nebo omezen\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed managementu).Pak tu m\u00e1me p\u0159\u00edmo zdroje kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9ho financov\u00e1n\u00ed. A) Kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky – Zde je splatnost do jednoho roku a pat\u0159\u00ed sem dodavatel\u00e9, zam\u011bstnanci a st\u00e1t. B) Kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed a bankovn\u00ed \u00fav\u011bry – U obchodn\u00edch \u00fav\u011br\u016f jde o odklad platby odb\u011brateli (14-180 dn\u00ed), je to bez\u00faro\u010dn\u00e9 a jde za\u0159\u00eddit p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 bankovn\u00ed \u00fav\u011bry m\u00e1me provozn\u00ed, kontokorentn\u00ed, eskontn\u00ed a lombardn\u00ed. Mus\u00ed tu b\u00fdt smluvn\u00ed podm\u00ednky. C) P\u0159ijat\u00e9 z\u00e1lohy od odb\u011bratel\u016f – To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee samotn\u00e1 platba p\u0159edch\u00e1z\u00ed dod\u00e1vce.Pracovn\u00ed kapit\u00e1l je \u010d\u00e1st ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho majetku, kter\u00e1 je financov\u00e1na dlouhodob\u00fdmi zdroji.Existuj\u00ed typy b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho financov\u00e1n\u00ed. A) Um\u00edrn\u011bn\u00fd zp\u016fsob – Zde to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pracovn\u00ed kapit\u00e1l je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 0. Je to nejv\u00edce pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd zp\u016fsob a je zde kombinace zdroj\u016f podle \u017eivotnosti aktiv a pasiv. B) Agresivn\u00ed zp\u016fsob – Zde je pracovn\u00ed kapit\u00e1l men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 0 anebo je roven 0. Pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se zde p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 zdroje, kter\u00e9 budou pro n\u00e1s levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159\u00edstupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Objevuje se tu riziko nestability a platebn\u00ed neschopnost. C) Konzervativn\u00ed zp\u016fsob – Pracovn\u00ed kapit\u00e1l se rovn\u00e1 ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9mu majetku. Zde se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b dlouhodob\u00e9 zdroje, kter\u00e9 jsou sice dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed, ale firma je stabiln\u00ed.\u00a0\u0158\u00edzen\u00ed ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho majetku m\u00e1 jasn\u00fd c\u00edl. T\u00edm c\u00edlem je jasn\u00e9 stanoven\u00ed optim\u00e1ln\u00edho mno\u017estv\u00ed ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho majetku. V\u00fd\u0161i ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho majetku ovliv\u0148uje \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed z\u00e1sob, \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pohled\u00e1vek a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdch z\u00e1vazk\u016f.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Co v\u011bd\u011bt o kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9m financov\u00e1n\u00ed?","item":"https:\/\/www.pharmia.cz\/co-vedet-o-kratkodobem-financovani\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]